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"I'm thrilled that Mithu's parents discovered me on Google and reached out. I'm grateful for the power of internet marketing, which helped connect us. Mithu's parents sought my expertise for a 10-day tennis training program in Hyderabad, as they were dissatisfied with the coaching in Guwahati. Specifically, they wanted me to focus on improving Mithu's serving and volley skills. In today's world, trust must be earned, and I'm honored that they believed in me enough to travel from Guwahati to Hyderabad for their son's training. The outcome exceeded their expectations, as Mithu received not only top-notch tennis coaching but also mental strength training. His parents were delighted with the progress and impressed with the tennis coaching in Hyderabad. #HyderabadSports #Tennis #Sports #TennisLife #PassionPassport #TennisPlayer #Coach #SuccessStory"

I would like to share with you my recent experience with an Italy player student who came for vacation holidays and took a few classes. I noticed that while he was playing, he liked to play in comfortable situations, which some children don't accept, as they can't tolerate pain. Fitness training can help players build strength, endurance, agility, and stamina, which are all important for performance in sports. Unfortunately, we have seen many cases where 99% of children don't like fitness classes and skip them, resulting in body pains. However, if a child can bear the pain, it can help them balance both physical and mental aspects, which will benefit them in the long run. According to development psychology, the major stages of human development are: Prenatal development, Infant development, Early childhood development, Middle childhood development, Adolescent development, Early adult development, Middle adult development, Older adult development. Most parents provide their children with comfortable situations, which is good, but mental strength training and calculation are also crucial. Why? Because life is unpredictable, and anything can happen at any time, and no one can predict the situations. In middle childhood development (ages 6-10), the mind becomes sharp, and higher education and sports training begin. Environmental conditions influence a child's career, which affects their entire life span. Playing tournaments can benefit children in many ways, such as: 1. Networking 2. Environmental experience: Some students go abroad for higher education, which takes time, but players can travel for tournaments and easily adapt to situations. 3. Mental strength calculation: If a child playing in a tournament loses points, they may lose their mental balance. Getting back on track is essential for them, as it helps in other situations. For example, a child who reaches age 26 and faces a crisis can draw on their experience of getting back on track. In today's competitive world, unemployment is increasing day by day. If a child reaches age 25 or 30, what opportunities will be available? Every parent must analyze their child's strengths, weaknesses, sports, music, extra-curricular activities, etc., to help them choose a career path." Might be this wrong and this my perception only..

SURYA PAVAN Certified Power Hitting Partner India | International Circuit Player, Madhapur ITF - AITA No: 401989 1. ITF World Rank – 882 on January 10th , 2012 2. Hyderabad Open Tennis Association – Winner in 30+ category, February 2024 3. ITL- INDIAN TENNIS LEAGUE RANK # 1, 2018 Men's Singles 4. AITA All India Rank# 1, DEC 2006 - 1 st January 2006 to December 2006 - U/12. 5. Winner Of 30 Gold Medals – AITA - All India National Circuit Ranking Lawn Tennis Championships - 2022 6. Asian Rank # 11, 2005 (Asian Tennis Federation, Boys U/14, 10th October 2005) 7. AITA - All India Rank # 3, JUNE 2007 & AP RANK # 1 in U/14 as on 22nd June 2007 8. AITA All India Rank # 3, JAN-2008 (APLTA, Andhra Pradesh Rank # 1, in Boys U- 14 from 1 st January 2008). 9. AITA - All India Rank # 5, 4th MAY-2008 (Ranking List Encl.) 10.AITA All India Rank # 5 - NOV 2005 - 18th NOV 2005 - u/12 11.GOLD MEDAL WINNER 55th NAWAB MOINUDDOULA TOURNAMENT 2014- Mens Singles Sec-Bad Club-28th Oct to 2nd Nov 2014 12.WINNER-AITA All India National Ranking Lawn Tennis Championship 2006 held at Madurai- TN- INDIA (23rd to 27th Jan 2006 U/14 (D) clay 13.Bronze Medal Winner 2011, 34th National Games Ranchi, Jharkhand 14.Winner- Prize Money Tournament- March 2021, held in Manikonda Hyderabad 15.Selected for 2012 – Inter-State All India National Lawn Tennis Championship New Delhi for AP Men’s Team All India Double Crown Winner- 2011 1. Winner AITA All India National Ranking Lawn Tennis Championship 2011 held at Sri Kalahasti - AP India from 9 th to 13th May 2011 U/18 (Singles) Clay 2. Winner AITA All India National Ranking Lawn Tennis Championship 2011 held at Sri Kalahasti - AP India from 9 th to 13th May 2011 U/18 (Doubles) Clay 3. Winner AITA All India National Ranking Lawn Tennis Championship 2011 held at More details: Surya Pavan tennis academy At madhapur

99% of adult beginners can learn tennis in 26 classes, although it depends on the particular player. Some players can learn tennis within 15 classes, depending on their mentality, strength, regularly coaching, The benefits of tennis are endless, and the best part is, you don’t have to have any tennis experience to start. With the right coach and program, you’ll learn how to play with lower compression balls which will be a great training tool to build your confidence and help you learn how to play tennis at a quicker FUN We all know that exercise is so important for our overall health and the benefits are too great to sacrifice, but we also understand that the motivation to get exercise in, can sometimes be low. When you play tennis, you wont feel like you’re exercising because you’ll be having so much fun! That can be in a cardio tennis group or a private lesson with a friend or family member. Either way, you’ll reap the health benefits that exercise provides. It’s a win-win! Tennis is a wonderful sport for adults for many reasons. Not only is it a great way to get exercise and stay active, but it also offers a social outlet and mental challenge. The Risk of Injury In Tennis is Low Since there is no physical contact with other people while playing tennis, injuries are extremely rare. In football, handball and even skiing, it can always happen that you have to accept serious injuries through no fault of your own. That can’t happen to you on the tennis court. The greatest risks in tennis are certain “wear and tear” injuries. If you give too much gas while hitting with a low level of physical fitness, you may experience discomfort over the long term. To avoid this, you should take it a little slower at the beginning. Even better: you keep your body fit Couple Sport Learning to tennis can also be a great way to spend more time together in a partnership. Especially when both partners are starting from scratch, it is exciting to learn a new sport like tennis together. You can go to the court as a couple, play tennis and do sports together. Additionally, playing doubles with other couples or people can also be a lot of fun. But be careful: Sporting disputes should stay on the tennis court.

Many people go to the gym to reduce weight and some control their food by following the advice of a dietician. Do you wish to lose weight without giving up most of your favourite foods? Well, then tennis is the game for you. Yes, you can burn calories without doing a boring gym workout. Tennis is a more fun option to achieve your weight loss goals if you love sports. You are not only going to lose weight by playing the sport. it also enhances the coordination between your hands and eyes, improves your reflexes, increases bone density, increases flexibility, improves your cardiovascular fitness. It increases your speed through a series of side-to-side and back and forth sprints to chase the ball and makes you ultra-flexible due to the constant stretching and manoeuvring to return the ball toward your opponent. How long does it take to lose weight from tennis? If they are hitting balls in non-competitive play, the average person will burn 350-500 calories per hour. The number of calories you are burning during an hour of tennis can help you stay on track with to your fitness goals. For all 3,500 calories that you burn you can lose 0.5kg of weight. Playing singles is a high calorie-burning activity, but even doubles can help you shed unwantedfat from the body. It is a great sport to bring your body in perfect shape and lose excess fat. It is a high-calorie-burning activity, especially when you play singles. So if you're in good health, and under age 30, you can safely play at a high level 3-4 times per week. If you're between 30-50, 2-3 times per week is a good number. Tennis is one of the most physically challenging sports. Playing the sport burns more calories than many other intensive sports like inline skating, aerobics, cycling, or netball.if you play it consistently, you can shed some kilos and tone your body. Tennis can help lose belly fat. However, your body controls where the fat loss and fat burn occurs. In other words, you can't spot exercise where your fat disappears because you want it to. Cardio tennis is another high-intensity fitness workout that includes the best features of tennis with cardiovascular exercise, running, fitness drills, up-tempo music, and calorie-burning aerobic workout. As per research, women can burn up to 300 to 500 calories per hour by performing cardio tennis, while men can burn twice the calories. Five Top Tips for Tennis and Weight Loss: 1.Play tennis with someone who also wants to lose weight – they will also be focussed on playing in a way that helps weight loss. 2.Use a ball machine for 10-15 minutes of your tennis workout time, this will ensure a sustained period of activity. 3.Have a long warm up - playing in such a way as to keep the ball ‘in-play’ for as long as possible – you could challenge yourselves as to how many times you can get the ball back and forth over the net without interruption. 4.Play the game with only one ball and run for it every time it goes out of play. 5. Playing against a wall and keep it going without losing the ball for as long as possible Aerobic and anaerobic fitness - by burning fat and improving your cardiovascular fitness. Speed - through a series of side-to-side and up and back sprints to chase the ball. Co-ordination - since you have to move into position and then adjust your upper body to hit the ball successfully. Flexibility - due to the constant stretching and manoeuvring to return the ball toward your opponent. Warm-up well before starting the game, this will help you to challenge your body and play well without any interruption. TEJA Tennis coach : 9032223451

Sumit Nagal, India’s top ranked male player, was acquired for Rs 18.5 lakh at a Tennis Premier League auction in October while some of the other high bids went to international players, like Ernest Gulbis, Dennis Novak and Maria Timofeeva. A couple of tennis leagues are trying to address the sport’s losing connection with audiences, motivate its players and bridge pay shortcomings, which has for long plagued Indian tennis players. The on-going Pro Tennis League (PTL, December 7-10) in Delhi, will be followed by the Tennis Premier League (TPL, December 12-17) in Pune, both in their fifth seasons. The leagues’ intentions are to showcase Indian players and get audiences in through a T20—to use a cricketing analogy—version of the sport. We started the league after we had seen other leagues with international stars, and to popularise the game,” says Aditya Khanna, co-founder of the PTL. “Those were not financially viable, and we felt there was a gap with no league for Indian players. We wanted to close that gap, for Indian pros, juniors and seniors together in a shorter format.” The PTL’s format of eight teams divided into two groups allows for 7-8 matches to be finished in three-odd hours. There are about 20-30 points in each match and whichever team has more points wins (not matches) triumphs, making every point crucial. The eight-team TPL also has a point-based play with a match between two teams worth 80 points. Each match has four games, men’s and women’s singles, men’s doubles and mixed doubles—each worth 20 points. "The idea was to promote tennis and Indian tennis players,” concurs Kunal Thakkur, co-founder of the TPL. “Marketing people say fans are not interested in tennis unless there is a (Roger) Federer or a (Rafael) Nadal. We wanted to create a league that could get revenue for players and build them into brands.” https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/sports/push-for-indian-tennis-comes-in-small-packages-leagu

Gachibowli, Kondapur, Gandipet, manikonda This area of people's enthusiasm for sports this location has many sports academy Greater community apartments have tennis courts but the problem is community people's restrictions on coaches. Does anyone want to participate in the tournaments Greater Community apartment is a good advantage for players

www.rayuduteja.com/tenniscoachingkondapur Many people enjoy playing sports for fitness, such as cricket and badminton, as a hobby, but few adults learn. Without instruction. It has made some errors, resulting in injuries. Tennis requires the use of a racket. Tennis grips : Beginners and coaches should be aware of the grip. Grip is crucial, and a proper grip is required to hit the ball, and not having a proper grip can result in injury. Tennis players must be aware of their grip. Continental grip : Tennis serves are important for using a continental grip. The continental grip is appropriate for a wide range of shots. With a dominant left arm, the continental grip can be used for a two-handed backhand. The neutral grip, also known as the hammer grip. Tennis serves, volleys, overhead smashes, slice/chips, drop shots, blocking, and defensive scrambling are all examples. The Continental grip is versatile and allows players to easily switch between forehand and backhand shots. Eastern Grip: The eastern forehand grip is a great grip for most players. Most players find this grip to feel very natural, which is the main factor in coaches favouring it. Most players, especially beginners who are picking up a racket for the first time, will feel very at ease and natural using this grip. Because of this, the majority of tennis instructors begin by teaching the Eastern forehand grip before moving on to other grips. The modern game features a lot of topspin, but there are still times when you need to hit a flat ball, and the eastern can help you with that.The Eastern forehand grip is best suited for flatter groundstrokes Semi western grip: The semi-western tennis grip may at first seem awkward to many newcomers. Because it strikes a good balance between effortless topspin and maintaining the ability to hit through the ball, the Semi-Western grip is very well-liked. Modern tennis players frequently use the semi-western tennis grip to produce topspin shots. The higher bounce of the ball on clay courts makes it possible for players to fully utilise the additional spin with this grip. Faster surfaces, like grass or indoor hard courts, where the ball tends to skid more and the added spin can make the ball fly long, can make it more challenging to use the semi-western grip. The semi-western grip may also be uncomfortable for some players.The semi-western grip may also cause some players' wrist and arms more stress, making it harder for them to control their shots. Injury risk can be reduced with the use of proper form and technique. Western grip: the Western grip, which involves placing the palm under the racket, produces even more powerful topspin shots. Players can produce more topspin on their shots by using the Western grip, which makes it simpler to brush up the back of the ball at impact. What might be small adjustments with an Eastern or Semi-Western grip become larger adjustments with a Western grip because the Western grip doesn't always work well on those other shots. To BE Continue

www.rayuduteja.com/tennis coaching near meThe coach and the effectiveness of their coaching is a factor that affects performance. There are many elements to being a good coach: Highly organised. Knowledgeable in all areas of the sport. Able to analyse performance (strengths and weaknesses). Able to pass on skills with a variety of teaching techniques. Sensitive to the athlete's needs (set goals). Excellent communicator. Approachable. Excellent interpersonal skills. Good observer. Motivator. The prime quality of a good coach is the desire and skill to help others to achieve their goals and derive satisfaction from their chosen activity. This may be anywhere along the continuum of skill from beginner, novice, social weekend player, club player, district representative, young talented regional representative, state league or state representative right through to an elite athlete at Olympic or world class level. Fundamental Attributes and Skills: In all of these cases, the coach needs to display some fundamental attributes and skills. These include: Having the technical knowledge of the sport, its rules, regulations, training methods etc. Elite level coaches are constantly reviewing sources of information and current research in their fields to keep up to date with the latest thinking in regard to human performance. This involves them acquiring knowledge in the areas of nutrition, biomechanics, sport psychology, and physiology. Being organised so that during the coaching period the maximum use is made of time, space, facilities, player motivation etc. Being able to communicate very effectively to all people involved. Communication is important not only with those being coached but also those associated with the athlete i.e. parents, ground staff, facility managers, club officials, volunteer staff, other coaches etc. The effective coach lets others around them know what is going on, so that the aims of the organisation, whether it be the AIS or the local netball club, can be coordinated to achieve common goals. Most importantly the communication between the coach and the athlete is critical. Remember coaching can be very different and may involve a number of different situations. These situations could involve a one on one situation, with the coach and athlete in an individual sport, or may involve a large group who meet a couple of times a week like a local soccer team, or may involve an elite coach working with a large squad and having the assistance of specialised skills coaches like an AFL coach. Whatever the level, however, the basic skills are the same, including an enthusiasm to motivate and inspire with the interpersonal skills and personality to be an effective role model. Good coaches are also able to praise athletes for their efforts. The Stereotypical Coach: However, expectations of coaching styles vary from sport to sport and from age to age and between people of different personality traits, and possibly between the sexes. In children's sport, the ranting shouting win at all costs coach has no place. This style is inappropriate for those who want to "play" for fun, relaxation and enjoyment. However, expectations of coaching styles vary from sport to sport and from age to age and between people of different personality traits, and possibly between the sexes. In children's sport, the ranting shouting win at all costs coach has no place. This style is inappropriate for those who want to "play" for fun, relaxation and enjoyment. Even at the elite level, the win at all costs mentality is being questioned and scholarship holders at the AIS and also many AFL clubs offer programs to look after athletes, so that they develop skills and abilities beyond the playing field. The 'burn out factor' is also considered by modern coaches who need to consider the total emotional and psychological well being of their charges as well as the traditional concern of physiological well being. The importance of feedback What are the two types of feedback in sport? Knowledge of performance (KP), which is obtained from a coach, mentor, teacher or friend, by studying a video or by proprioception (internal feedback). Knowledge of Results (KR), tells you whether you got the results you wanted. Both KP and KR will enable athletes to receive the full picture about performance. The four principles of feedback are; Feedback should be given straight after the performance. Feedback should be clear and concise to enable future improvement. After feedback, the athlete or team should have enough time to consider the suggestions given. Feedback is essential for improvement. Coaching Styles There are three identified coaching styles that have disadvantages and advantages to each. Authoritarian, Personable, Casual. Authoritarian: This is probably the most common coaching type, particularly in team sports like football. Advantages - an atmosphere of discipline can be conducive to success because it produces a sense of dedication and purpose. Disadvantages - players whose personality styles who don't respond to this style can be easily turned off. A run of losses can result in dissension among the team members. Players who want to think for themselves find this a difficult style to work under. Personable: Advantages - promotes an atmosphere of respect and mutual good feeling, this develops good team cohesion and spirit, the players enjoy themselves. These things can mean they often can produce results above expectations. Disadvantages - sometimes the flexibility can be seen as weakness particularly if the team is on a losing streak. Some players may take advantage of their good nature. Casual: Advantages - players develop a sense of independence rather than depending on others. There is a relaxed atmosphere with no real pressure to get results or to perform. Disadvantages - This type of coaching is not adequate for the serious athlete as they are not developed in skills or fitness. Athletes may be independent but there is often no team plan or direction making players unsure. Frustration can develop in players who are ambitious and desire more success. It is unlikely that any coach displays only the one style. It is more likely that they display a number of different characteristics that are suited to their own personalities and that they are comfortable with. A skilled coach should be able to recognise which style will work with which players and under what circumstances and mix it upaccordingly. The modern approach to coaching would seem to exist at the centre of this continuum Coaching Applications An experienced coach understands the complexity of the physical education experience. They use their knowledge of adrenaline and arousal and also theories of learning to maximise performance. This resource covers the stages of learning as they relate to physical exercise and sports and begins with an overview of the control of arousal. Coaching and the control of arousal A good coach employs various means to enable the athlete to maximise their performance. They use their understanding of the mechanisms of arousal in training. Below is an overview of this mechanism Signs of Arousal - Arousal in Sport Arousal is a state of excitement and alertness. you may reach a high level of arousal before a big event. These are all signs; Dry mouth, Fast breathing, Heart rate up, Perhaps a sick feeling in the stomach, Sweaty palms, A nervous shaky feeling Increasing You Arousal All these help to increase arousal: A pep talk from your coach before an event. The warm up before the event. Having a definite goal to achieve in the event. Bright lights and lots of noise around you. Friendly or hostile sports fans looking on. Adrenaline and Arousal A hormone called adrenaline plays a big part in arousal: It is made by the adrenal glands just above your kidneys. When you are nervous or frightened, these glands squirt adrenaline into your blood. It has these effects: It makes your heart beat faster, so more oxygen and glucose are pumped to the muscles. It causes blood vessels in your gut and under your skin to constrict, shunting more blood to the muscles. It makes your muscles tense, ready for action. So your heart thumps. Your stomach feels hollow. Your muscles may shiver. You are ready for "fight or flight". Arousal and Performance You need just the right level of arousal to do your best in a sports event: At A, arousal is low. You may be feeling bored or tired. You are not 'psyched up' enough. You perform badly. Between B and C you are at optimum arousal. Your performance is at its best. If you are very anxious, your arousal level may rise to D. You are over-aroused or 'psyched out'. Your performance suffers. This is called Inverted U Theory. These techniques will stop you getting too nervous, before an event: Relaxation. Breathe slowly and deeply. Relax different muscle groups in turn. Visualization. Go through the event in your mind in advance, in detail. 'See' yourself performing well and staying calm and confident. The technique is also called mental rehearsal. It is used by many top athletes. Coaching from the Beginner to the Skilled Athlete - Cognitive If you have studied Physical Education in earlier years, you will be familiar with the idea of stages of learning. Skill acquisition theory suggests that when learning a new skill, everyone goes through three established stages of learning. An effective coach needs to be aware of the features of each stage so that they can direct and improve the performance of their athletes. The Cognitive Stage This is the thinking stage, and prior to this stage, the learner has little or no information about the skill to be learned. The coach' s aim is to help the learner develop a mental picture of what is required. It is often assumed that only young children are in this stage but in fact whenever a new skill is learned we all must start here. This stage may take only a few minutes, i.e. when a simple skill is learnt or hours for a highly complex skill. The coach will need to present clear instructions and demonstrations in this stage. And may even physically move or assist the learner to feel the movement. Typically, at this stage the learner needs to concentrate on only a few key points. It is important for the coach not to overload the learner with information. Typical, at this stage, is a lack of fluency of movement, big uncoordinated, mistimed movements and lots of mistakes. Think about when you first started typing on the computer! Associative Stage This is the practice stage. Usually, in this stage, the skill is getting closer and closer to the real or game situation. The learner is able to use more information about their performance and to adjust and change their own performance as a consequence of the information feedback from their own bodies, (proprioception) and that of the coach. The athlete can now recognise errors and starts to produce a more coordinated and smooth performance. Autonomous Stage This is the automatic or expert stage. Performance is smooth with only a few small errors. The skill is coordinated and the common saying is a player in this stage has 'all the time in the world' to accomplish their skill, even if it is in the middle of a game situation. Conclusion : Not all athletes reach this stage, and for those that do, they never leave it because it is a continual process of refining and improving to find their own personal best. At this stage, the athlete does not need to consciously attend to the production of the skill or how to do it but rather they can devote attention to tactics, game strategies or very subtle changes in technique that may bring about improvements in performance. Despite being highly skilled and automatic, a coach can be vital at this stage to analyse and advise on technique because the patterns of movement have been so well established for a long time. The coach at this level must also be an expert, as they require the skills and technical knowledge to elicit further improvements from the athlete.

Tennis is a very different sport whether you’re playing on grass, clay or hard courts. Watch any of the majors and it’s clear to see. On lawns, the ball stays low and fast. But over at the clay courts, the game is a little slower and the ball can bounce up higher. Your style of play needs to adapt to the court surface, and your shoe is the first thing to think about – it is, after all, always in contact with the ground. GRASS COURT TENNIS SHOES Serve-and-volley players have always done well on grass courts thanks to the speed of the ball off the surface. It rewards those with a big serve and who can get to the net fast. Your shoe needs to match you step for step. It needs: ● Good grip because grass courts can be slippery, either because of dew or because it’s worn down over time ● A flatter outsole so that they don’t damage the court – in fact, players on certain tournament lawns have to wear completely flat tennis shoes ● Flexible upper so that when you run forward towards the ball, your feet are not constricted There’s less need for durable outsoles on grass courts since the surface is softer underfoot and doesn’t damage your shoes as much as hard courts. CLAY COURT TENNIS SHOES Since clay courts are a little slower, baseline play is the number 1 style – players with lots of power can stand back and unleash huge shots. As such, there’s a need for stability and lateral support – that’s because you’re moving side to side before setting your feet for the shot. You’ll also need: ● Great grip since the dusty clay courts don’t offer you much traction ● A well-designed outsole that releases clay from its grooves and doesn’t leave marks on the court ● Durable sides so your shoe doesn’t get damaged as you slide for a ball ● Lateral support as you move side to side along the baseline ● A tight upper that keeps your foot secure as you move around the court HARD COURT TENNIS SHOES Hard courts are sometimes considered a neutral ground – a mid-point between clay and grass courts in terms of bounce and speed of the ball off the court. It suits many different playing styles, with both fast and powerful players evenly matched. The hard courts demand a lot from your shoes though. So you’ll need: ● A tough outsole that can handle the demands of a hard court surface ● Cushioning and bounce-back because the hard court can be unforgiving on your feet and legs ● Tough upper that gives you stability when you’re moving around the court Keep playing tennis 🎾🎾🎾

Flexibility: the range of movement in and around the joint. Its limiting factors are bone structure, connective tissue, muscle bulk and skin. There are three types of flexibility: Static - slow and controlled stretching, such as doing the splits (you stay in a static position). Dynamic - stretching where movement is involved, such as in the hip and leg areas when a person hurdles. Passive - where a range of motion is required when a force is applied, such as a tackle in wrestling. Flexibility Of the three, dynamic is the most important because most flexibility is required when moving. A greater degree of flexibility in the lower body allows you a greater stride length in running. In the upper body, it is important to have as great a range of movement as possible, particularly in the sports of swimming, golf and throwing sports. A larger range of movement should allow for a longer back swing or preparation, and therefore greater force generation. Flexibility is also important in injury prevention. This can be as good a reason as any for having it as an important component of fitness. Factors affecting flexibility Type of joint, The resting length of the muscle, Muscle temperature, Gender, Age, Resistance of skin, tendon and joint capsule. Agility: the ability to change direction quickly whilst remaining balanced. It is essential in most team games such as football, soccer, tennis, netball, rugby and basketball and hockey. To be agile, you must be able to dodge, weave, accelerate and turn quickly, etc. It is easy to tell if your sport requires agility - just look at the number of fast direction changes that are made by a player. It is also required for screening other players, such as in basketball. Factors affecting agility Ability to produce anaerobic energy. Flexibility. Muscular power. Speed: the ability to perform a movement quickly, or how fast a movement is performed. It is related to muscular power, so any movement that is explosive in nature requires speed. Speed is also required in any sport where a player has to move from one position to another quickly. If sprinting occurs frequently (for example, in fast breaks in basketball, runs down the field in rugby, leads by a forward in Aussie rules), then speed is an essential component of fitness for that sport. Speed is also related to anaerobic power. Factors affecting speed Anaerobic energy production. Muscle fibre type. Flexibility. Speed of transmission of the nerve impulse. Reaction time. The duration of the activity Reaction Time: the body's ability to take in, process, make a decision and make a muscular response to incoming information through one of the five senses. RT is absolutely vital in timed sports, and many athletes in sprint races also learn to anticipate well. Tennis players and hockey and soccer goalies also need to react quickly and to make appropriate decisions. The time delay between the starter's gun going off and the athlete actually leaving the blocks is the most common example and measure of RT. In the sprint race, the athlete has only one decision to make and thus their RT is usually quite small. As the decision-making demands of the game grow (for example, which of four players to pass to and which of two players to avoid in a game of rugby) the RT naturally would increase. Like balance and coordination, reaction time is an extremely difficult fitness component to train, but is relatively simple to test in non-game situations. Anaerobic Power: This is another way that the body can provide energy to the working body - only it is in the absence of oxygen, hence the "anaerobic". It is used to provide the body with energy when: Short, high intensity sessions are performed. When an activity is done at 'speed'. Hence it is often combined with speed. Anaerobic power also refers to the body's ability to perform high intensity activities over and over again. It is the body's ability to recover and go again during high intensity bouts; for example basketball - the player sprints, rests, sprints, rests, sprints, rests, etc. often with little recovery time. Muscular Strength ( MS):the greatest maximal force that a muscle group can exert against a resistance in one maximal contraction. Sports such as weight-lifting require enormous amounts of muscular strength. The lift is one maximal effort. There is no speed involved; only how much you can lift in one go. Whilst many team sports don't use strength on its own, it does play an important role in muscular power. It is also important for contact sports such as football, where tackling is involved. In basketball, it is important for defending and holding your own ground. Factors affecting muscular strength The number of muscle fibres recruited. The cross-sectional area of the muscle. The muscle fibre type. Age. Gender. Balance: the ability to maintain the body in a state of dynamic or static equilibrium. Most sports would require mainly dynamic equilibrium such as in staying balanced whilst riding a wave in surfing or maintaining the correct posture in an equestrian event. Other sports, such as gymnastics, require the athlete to maintain a static position such as a handstand, as well as maintaining proper form whilst spinning through the air in a somersault. Balance, like coordination, is an extremely difficult fitness component to train and test. Coordination: the ability of the body's muscular and nervous systems to work together to produce smooth and accurate movements at the correct place and time. Coordination is required in all sports and is often the defining factor in differentiating between athletes who may otherwise have an equal level of skill. If you have tried to learn any new skill you would have had to contend with coordination difficulties. Coordination is an extremely difficult fitness component to train and test It is required in hand/eye and striking games and in timing the body's performance to an outside time source, such as to music in a gymnastics routine. Cardio-Respiratory Endurance Cardio-respiratory endurance, also known as: Aerobic capacity Aerobic power Aerobic endurance Aerobic means"with oxygen"and refers to the ability of the heart, lungs and blood vessels to deliver oxygen to the muscles and remove waste products (CO2). This is one way the body can provide energy to the working muscles. Uses: Any activity that is sustained and uses the whole body at a sub maximal level is relying on this fitness component. When your body is at rest, the energy to keep the body working is supplied by this system. When your body has been working very hard, the recovery mechanisms involve the aerobic system.

cardio-respiratory endurance is likely the most important fitness factor. The ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity is referred to as cardiorespiratory fitness. This is typical of a high demand for cardiorespiratory endurance. A player's heart rate is also a good indicator of whether there are high aerobic demands. If a player is working at 65-90% of their maximum heart rate for the majority of a game, cardio-respiratory endurance is indicated. Importance of Cardio respiratory Endurance: Increasing cardiorespiratory endurance benefits your overall health. Your lungs and heart can use oxygen more effectively. This allows you to exercise for longer periods of time without tiring. Regular exercise can help most people improve their cardiorespiratory endurance. Factors affecting cardio- respiratory endurance Ability to deliver oxygen to the working muscles. Muscle fibre types. Efficiency of the circulatory system. Efficiency of the respiratory system. Age. Gender. The Core Components of Fitness Fitness components can be divided into two groups: Physiological Motor - skill or neurologically- based Cardio-respiratory endurance / aerobic Power, Muscular strength, Local muscular endurance/ aerobic Anaerobic power, Body composition, Flexibility, Speed, Muscular power. Agility, Coordination, Balance, Reaction time. These components are related to an athlete's ability to successfully perform skills and drills, and are often the discriminating factor between athletes of equal fitness in other areas. It is rare that a sport relies on only one component in order to be successful. It is usually a combination of fitness components that is required to be successful, particularly in team sports. Each fitness component will now be looked at individually. MUSCULAR POWER (MP) : the ability to use strength quickly to produce an explosive effort. Muscular power is a combination of speed and muscular strength. It is important for all explosive movements such as sprinting, passing, jumping, etc. 'Explosive' sports, such as javelin, discus (upper body), high jump, slam dunks (lower body), also require high levels of muscular strength. Maximum power requires a compromise of speed and maximum strength. Approximately 35% of your maximum speed and 35% of your maximum strength combines to give you your maximal power. To develop power, you need to improve both speed and strength. Limiting factors for muscular power are the rate of phosphate energy production and the percentage of white fast twitch fibres in the muscle. A higher percentage of fast twitch fibres would indicate a greater capacity to generate power. Factors affecting muscular power Muscle fibre type. Rate of phosphate energy production Local Muscular Endurance (LME) It is also important to understand the importance of LOCAL muscular endurance. This means that muscular endurance is isolated to local muscle groups. A marathon runner may have great LME endurance in the legs, however, his upper body LME is most likely poor. Many sports require LME of the abdominal muscles because they link the upper and lower body. As a result, they are continuously working to coordinate the two halves of the body, especially in sports such as basketball, netball, soccer and hockey, where both upper and lower body are working. Factors affecting muscular endurance: Muscle fibre type. Blood supply to the muscle. Capacity to produce aerobic energy. Tolerance to lactic acid. To BE CONTINUE